The kidney is one of the most important organs in the human body. Kidney damage can lead to serious illness or death. Each kidney has a very complex structure and function.

The kidneys have two important functions: getting rid of dangerous toxic waste and maintaining the balance of water, fluids, minerals and chemicals, namely electrolytes such as sodium, potassium and so on.

End Stage Renal Failure (ESRF) is end stage kidney failure also known as permanent kidney damage. Dealing with a chronic disease is not something easy and requires a transition process from the diagnosis process to the treatment process and then self-management. Disability, dependence on others, and societal stigma, lifestyle changes, treatment costs which indirectly affect the usual daily routine. This problem will affect the spiritual, psychological, social and family aspects and will further affect the physical, emotional and thinking of the patient.

Signs and Symptoms of Acute Kidney Failure

1. Decreased urine output, although there are conditions when urine output is normal
2. Swollen legs, ankles, and feet due to fluid retention
3. Weakness and fatigue
4. Confusion
5. Nausea
6. High blood pressure
7. Irregular heartbeat
8. Internal bleeding
9. Pressure or pain in the chest
10. Seizures or coma in severe cases

Causes of Kidney Disease

Anyone can get kidney disease regardless of age. However, some people have a higher risk than others depending on the following factors:

1. Diabetes
2. High blood pressure disease
3. Have a family history of kidney problems
4. Old before age / appearing before one's true age